10 Things You Should Know Before Moving to Montana

Things to Know Before Moving to Montana

Montana is known for its wide-open landscapes, strong community values, and slower pace of life. With iconic mountain ranges, quiet towns, and space to spread out, it's become increasingly popular with families, outdoor enthusiasts, and remote workers. But before packing your bags, it’s essential to understand what living here really means.

From limited healthcare access and unpredictable winters to affordable homes and community-minded culture, this guide offers a complete picture of what you can expect in Big Sky Country.

What You’ll Learn

This guide will walk you through:

• Access to education, healthcare, and local services

• Cost of living and real estate trends

• How to prepare for weather and utility needs

Overview

Montana offers a unique blend of affordable living, robust job growth, and unparalleled access to natural beauty, making it an attractive destination for outdoor enthusiasts, professionals, and families. While housing costs in cities like Bozeman and Missoula exceed national averages, the state’s overall cost of living remains competitive, particularly in rural areas. Key considerations include a thriving life sciences sector, seasonal climate extremes, and vibrant cultural traditions rooted in Western heritage.

Here’s a More Detailed Breakdown:

Cost of Living & Housing

Montana’s cost of living is 1% higher than the national average, driven by housing costs 1% above U.S. norms. The median home price reached $540,700 in January 2025, reflecting a 6.6% annual increase, while rental rates average $1,666 monthly. Regional disparities are significant: Bozeman’s average rent is $2,245, while Butte offers affordability at $842. Utilities cost 7% less than the national average, with Missoula’s water rates starting at $19.76 monthly for standard meters. Though healthcare expenses are slightly elevated, grocery and transportation align closely with national trends.

Job Market & Economy

Montana’s unemployment rate held steady at 2.7% in March 2025, outperforming the national average of 4.2%. The state has added 45,000 jobs since 2020, with healthcare, construction, and retail growth. Major employers include Schneider (transportation), Billings Clinic (healthcare), and Montana State University. The life sciences industry expanded by 31% between 2018 and 2023, anchored by companies like Rarebreed Veterinary Partners. Despite declines in manufacturing, GDP grew 3.9% in 2023, supported by agriculture and energy production.

Major Cities & Communities

Bozeman leads as a tech and education hub, with a median home price of $647,146 and a booming craft brewery scene. Billings, the largest city, offers a median home value of $371,299 and serves as a commercial and healthcare center. Missoula blends cultural vibrancy with outdoor access, while Great Falls and Kalispell provide family-friendly neighborhoods and lower living costs. Rural towns like Butte and Sidney emphasize affordability but face slower job growth.

Education & Healthcare

Montana’s public schools achieve an 87% graduation rate, with per-pupil spending at $12,101. Higher education institutions like the University of Montana and Montana State University enroll over 50,000 students. Healthcare access is robust in urban centers, with Billings Clinic and St. Patrick Hospital leading in specialized care. Though provider shortages persist, rural areas rely on networks like Community Medical Center.

Climate & Environment

The state experiences a continental climate, with winter lows averaging 11°F and summer highs near 85°F. Annual snowfall ranges from 45 inches in Billings to 90 inches in mountainous regions. Environmental initiatives address rising temperatures, which have increased 0.5°F over the past century. Residents enjoy outdoor activities in Glacier National Park, Yellowstone, and 11,000 miles of hiking trails, though tornado risks and winter storms require preparedness.

Culture & Recreation

Montana’s cultural identity thrives through festivals like the Montana Folk Festival and the Big Sky Documentary Film Festival. The state’s 12 Native American tribes preserve rich traditions, while museums and historic sites celebrate Western heritage. Outdoor enthusiasts fish in blue-ribbon trout streams, ski at Big Sky Resort, and explore 3.8 million acres of wilderness. The craft beer industry, ranking third nationally in breweries per capita, complements a culinary scene focused on locally sourced game and produce.

Other Notable Considerations

• Taxes: Income tax rates range from 4.9% to 6.75%, with property taxes averaging 0.63% of home value.

• Transportation: Major highways (I-90, I-15) connect urban hubs, but rural areas lack public transit.

• Population Trends: Urban centers like Bozeman grow steadily, while rural counties face declines.

• Severe Weather: Tornado preparedness and winter emergency kits are essential for residents.

Why Are People Moving to Montana?

Montana appeals to those seeking peace, privacy, and proximity to nature. The state's beauty, relatively low housing costs, and strong sense of independence often draw newcomers.

People are relocating to Montana because:

• Affordable homes: Median home prices around $430,000; more affordable in rural areas

• Mild property taxes: About 0.74% on average

• Remote work flexibility: Many workers bring their jobs with them and settle outside urban centers

• Stunning scenery: National parks, mountain trails, and wildlife attract adventure-seekers

Montana is an excellent fit for people who value natural beauty and a less crowded way of life.

10 Essential Considerations for Moving to Montana

1. Cost of living in Montana

Montana offers a relatively moderate cost of living compared to coastal states. While housing prices have risen in some regions, overall expenses remain manageable for many families and retirees.

What to expect:

• Groceries: About on par with national averages

• Healthcare: Slightly above average due to rural access issues

• Housing: Median home price around $430,000, lower in smaller towns

• Transportation: Gas prices average around $3.30 per gallon

• Utilities: Heating costs rise in winter due to long cold seasons

Careful budgeting is key, especially in areas with fewer shopping and medical options. Rural living often comes with trade-offs in convenience, but many find the savings in housing offset added travel or supply costs.

2. Education in Montana

Montana offers solid public education, especially in larger towns and metro-adjacent school districts. Rural schools may face staffing challenges, but student-teacher ratios are generally low.

Montana State University, the University of Montana, and community colleges offer agriculture, environmental science, and healthcare programs for higher education.

What to know:

• Colleges and universities include strong STEM and liberal arts programs

• K–12 public schools often benefit from community involvement and small class sizes

• Online and hybrid learning options are growing, especially in remote areas

• Trade and workforce programs support careers in energy, farming, and skilled trades

Families should look into local district scores and school resources before deciding where to live. Education quality can vary depending on location and available funding.

3. Housing realities in Montana

The real estate market in Montana varies widely by region. Bozeman and Missoula have spiked prices, while eastern and central towns offer more affordable options.

Key housing insights:

• Homeownership rates are high, with many single-family homes and acreage available

• Median home price is around $430,000, per Zillow

• Rural properties may lack high-speed internet or proximity to services

• Urban markets are more competitive, especially near universities and recreation hubs

If owning land or a cabin-style home is your dream, Montana has plenty of opportunity—just be sure to research infrastructure and seasonal access.

4. Climate and weather in Montana

Montana experiences long winters, short summers, and wide temperature swings. Snowstorms are common, especially in mountain and northern regions.

Weather patterns include:

• Average summer highs: Reach into the 80s in July and August

• Average winter lows: Can dip below 0°F in many areas

• Precipitation: Western Montana gets more snowfall and rain than the east

• Storm prep: Many households keep emergency kits and backup heating sources

Winter tires, snow removal tools, and strong insulation are essential for residents in most areas. Learning to navigate the weather is key to enjoying year-round life in Montana.

5. Employment opportunities in Montana

Montana’s job market is smaller but stable. Agriculture, tourism, and health services are major employers. Many residents are also self-employed or remote workers.

In-demand fields include:

• Agriculture and forestry: Livestock, grain, and lumber are key exports

• Construction and skilled trades: Growing in fast-expanding towns

• Tourism and outdoor services: Especially near Yellowstone and Glacier National Parks

Montana is ideal for entrepreneurs, tradespeople, and those with work-from-home careers. Workforce development programs support in-state employment across essential industries.

6. Transportation in Montana

Montana is a driving state, with long stretches between cities and limited public transit. Owning a vehicle is necessary in nearly all areas.

What to expect:

• Gas stations: Can be far apart in rural areas; plan on road trips

• Public transit: Available in select cities like Billings and Missoula

• Road conditions: Can be hazardous during snow and ice events

• Vehicle ownership: SUVs and trucks are popular due to terrain and weather

Living in Montana means maintaining a dependable vehicle and preparing for winter travel. In cold seasons, it’s common to see residents traveling with emergency supplies, tire chains, and extra fuel.

7. Food and groceries in Montana

Grocery costs in Montana are similar to the national average, though selection can vary in remote areas. Many residents grow or raise part of their food.

Food landscape highlights:

• Farmers’ markets: Popular during warmer months

• Grocery stores: Larger chains in cities; smaller co-ops in towns

• Local food culture: Emphasizes hunting, fishing, and seasonal produce

• Restaurants: More variety in urban hubs than rural communities

Planning helps ensure you have what you need, especially during winter or in remote regions. Local food festivals and markets provide seasonal access to fresh goods and community staples.

8. Utilities and energy costs in Montana

Montana utility bills depend heavily on the climate. Heating drives up winter costs, while summers are typically milder and require little air conditioning.

Energy notes:

• Electricity and gas rates: Competitive with national averages

• Insulation and energy efficiency: Essential for comfort and savings

• Wood-burning stoves and solar panels: Popular alternatives in some areas

Many homes use a combination of heating systems to balance costs through long, cold seasons. Energy-saving programs are available through local utility providers.

9. Recreation and lifestyle in Montana

Montana is a haven for people who love the outdoors. With parks, trails, lakes, and mountains, there’s no shortage of ways to enjoy nature.

Recreation options include:

• Fishing, hiking, hunting, and skiing across all seasons

• Local festivals and events celebrating Western culture and history

• National parks: Yellowstone and Glacier are major attractions

• Volunteer and club groups that foster community connection

If you love adventure and wide-open spaces, you’ll never run out of things to do. The state’s slower pace of life pairs well with its expansive outdoor offerings.

10. Adjusting to Montana’s culture and pace

Montanans value self-reliance, community, and the outdoors. Their lifestyle is generally slower and more grounded than that of urban centers, focusing on quality of life over convenience.

What to expect:

• Community events and town pride: Local rodeos, fairs, and parades are staples

• Cultural mix: Combines Western, rural, and Native traditions

• Quiet neighborhoods: Especially outside cities

• Self-sufficiency: Gardening, DIY repairs, and homesteading are common

Many newcomers find the cultural adjustment refreshing, especially those looking for space, connection, and simplicity. Local involvement can ease the transition and build lasting relationships.

Final thoughts on relocating to Montana

Montana offers majestic landscapes, room to roam, and a way of life focused on simplicity and connection. With affordable housing, strong communities, and endless outdoor options, it’s no surprise the state continues to attract new residents. Just prepare for rural realities and seasonal weather to enjoy all the state offers.

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Frequently asked questions (FAQs)

Is Montana affordable compared to other states?

Yes. While housing prices are rising in some cities, overall expenses are moderate compared to central coastal states.

What are the challenges of living in Montana?

Living in Montana can be challenging, with long winters, limited healthcare access in remote areas, and the necessity of owning a vehicle.

Is Montana a good place to retire?

Yes. Many retirees enjoy the scenery, quiet pace, and low property taxes. Access to services varies by location.

What jobs are in demand in Montana?

Healthcare, skilled trades, education, and outdoor tourism services offer opportunities.

How do I prepare for winter in Montana?

Invest in winter tires, home insulation, backup heat sources, and stock up on essentials for the snow season.

Disclaimer: The information provided in this guide is for general informational purposes only. While every effort has been made to ensure accuracy at the time of writing, living costs, housing prices, job markets, and other local conditions may change over time. Always conduct your research or consult with local professionals when making relocation decisions.